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web literal translation is: * net, net is now widely translated as: network, Internet and other technology! Introduction to a Web-basic, hypertext (hypertext)

a global structure of the information, it will document the different parts of the establishment of links by keyword, so that information can be used interactively search. It is super short text.
Second, hypermedia (hypermedia)
Hypermedia is hypertext (hypertext) and multimedia on information browsing environment combination. It is short for super media. Users not only from a text to another text, and can activate a sound, display a graphic, or even play a movie.
Internet using hypertext and hypermedia information organization, the link will be extended to the whole information on the Internet. Web is a hypertext information system, Web concept is a major hypertext links, which makes the text a book is no longer the same as a fixed linear. But can jump from one location to another location. Can obtain more information. You can go to another topic. Want to learn a particular topic as long as the tap on this topic, you can jump to the documentation included on the subject. It is this multi-connectivity, it is called Web.
Third, the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Hypertext Transfer Protocol on the Internet. World Wide Web at present, but also extended the term for the
Take the is a general term for a series of complex technology (including the front site layout, background programs, art, database fields and more general term embracing the technology). Web pages, is the site of a Web pages are typically used to provide a picture of the image file. Page to read through the web browser.
web site constitute the basic elements, is hosting a variety of Web applications platform. Popular to say, your site is formed by a Web page. If you have only the domain name and web hosting without making any page, then your client still can not access your site.
so-called website (Website), refers to the Internet (the Internet), according to certain rules, the use of HTML and other tools to create content for the display of a particular set of related pages. Simply put, the site is a communication tool, like a bulletin board, as it can through the website to publish public information they want (information), or use the site to provide network services (network service). It can be through a web browser to access the site, get the information they need (information) or to enjoy the Internet services
What is a page?
Now in your eyes, appears in the display of this Web page. Page is actually a document, he kept in a corner of the world one computer, while this computer must be connected to the Internet. Website by address (URL) to identify and access, when we enter the URL in the browser, after a complex and fast program, web page files are sent to your computer, and then page through the browser interprets the contents would show to your eyes.
constitute the elements of web page:
text constitutes a web page with pictures of two basic elements. You can simply be understood as: the text is the content of web pages, images, web pages that is beautiful. In addition, the page elements include animation, music, programs, and so on.
Right-click on the page, select the menu You can see, the page is actually just a plain text file, it's marked on the page through a variety of text, pictures, tables, sound and other elements of description (such as font, color, size), and the browser is on the interpret these tags and generate page, so you get the picture now see. Why not see any picture source file? Web file storage location only links to images, and image files and Web documents are stored independently of each other, not even on the same computer.
page type.
often we see web pages, are to htm or html extension at the end of the file, commonly known as HTML files. Different suffix, representing different types of Web documents, such as CGI, ASP, PHP, JSP or other more. Web page classification

a variety of categories, we classified the general sense of the dynamic and static pages, in principle, more than a static page design software through the web site re-design and change, relative lags behind Of course, now have a website management system that can generate a static page - we call this static page is a pseudo-static. Dynamic web page scripting language automatic processing with automatic update page, for example, paste it, he is running the program through the web server, automatic processing of information, in accordance with the process updating.
About page:
when every time you surf, will stay in the historical record in the records stored in the C drive in the main file of a document, as long as the right to delete can be deleted. Three terms a, hypertext (hypertext)
a global structure of the information, it will be different parts of the document create links by keyword, so that information can be used interactively search. It is super short text.
Second, hypermedia (hypermedia)
Hypermedia is hypertext (hypertext) and multimedia on information browsing environment combination. It is short for super media. Users not only from a text to another text, and can activate a sound, display a graphic, or even play a movie.
Internet using hypertext and hypermedia information organization, the link will be extended to the whole information on the Internet. Web is a hypertext information system, Web concept is a major hypertext links, which makes the text a book is no longer the same as a fixed linear. But can jump from one location to another location. You can obtain more information. You can go to another topic. Want to learn a particular topic as long as the tap on this topic, you can jump to the documentation included on the subject. It is this multi-connectivity, we only call it the Web.
Third, the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Hypertext Transfer Protocol on the Internet. The origin of the earliest Web-network concept can be traced back far in 1980, Tim Berners - Lee built ENQUIRE program. It is similar to Wikipedia's online editing hypertext database. Although this is very different from the World Wide Web we use now, but they have many of the same core idea, and even some Berners - Lee's next project after the World Wide Web, the Semantic Web vision.
1989 March Berners - Lee authored [3] November 12, 1990 he and Robert Kallio (Robert Cailliau) co-presented a more formal proposal on the World Wide Web. In the November 13, 1990 he wrote on a NeXT workstation, the first web to achieve his idea of the text.
Christmas holidays that year, Berners - Lee has produced a work that must be a network of all the tools: the first Web browser (and editor) and a web server.
1991 年 8 6, he alt.hypertext newsgroup posted the article Introduction to the World Wide Web project. This day also marks the public services on the Internet World Wide Web debut.
crucial World Wide Web hypertext concept originated in the 1960s, several previous projects. For example, Ted Nelson (Ted Nelson) are projects of Xanadu (Project Xanadu) and the British Ge Bate Douglas (Douglas Engelbart) of the NLS. The inspiration for this project comes from two Vannevar Bush in his 1945 paper,
Tim Berners - Lee, another talented breakthrough is grafted onto hypertext on the Internet. In his book plan. He invented a unique global network of resources certification system: Uniform Resource Identifier.
Wide Web and other hypertext systems have many differences:
* World Wide Web connection is required on the individual rather than the two-way connection, which allows anyone in the resource owner does not make any action cases link to the resource. And early network systems, this is the reduction of network servers and Web browsers is essential difficulties, but its side effects is to produce a chronic problem of broken links.
* Unlike some Web applications, such as HyperCard, it is not private, which makes server and client to develop and expand independently, without licensing restrictions.
1993 年 4 30, the European Organization for Nuclear Research announced that the World Wide Web free of charge to any person and does not charge any fees. Two months later announced that Gopher is no longer free, resulting in a large number of users shift from Gopher World Wide Web.
World Wide Web Consortium (World Wide Web Consortium, referred to as the W3C), also known as W3C Council. In October 1994, MIT Laboratory for Computer Science at the establishment. Was founded by the World Wide Web inventor Tim Berners - Lee. The characteristics of a Web, Web is a graphical and easy navigation (navigate)
Web is very popular is a very important reason is that it can be displayed simultaneously on a page colorful graphics and text performance. Before the Web for information on the Internet only in text form. Web can provide graphics, audio, video information in one set of characteristics. At the same time, Web is very easy to navigate, just from a connection to another connection, the page you can navigate between the various sites.
two, Web and platform-independent
matter what your platform, you can access through the Internet WWW. WWW browser on your platform there is no limit. Whether from a Windows platform, unix platform, Macintosh platform or anything else we can access the WWW. Access is via the WWW browser called (browser) software implementation. Such as Netscape's Navigator, NCSA's Mosaic, Microsoft's Explorer and so on.
three, Web is a distributed
a lot of graphics, audio and video will take up considerable disk space, we can not even predict the amount of information. For the Web is not necessary to put together all the information, the information can be placed on a different site. Only need to specify this in your browser site on it. Not necessarily on the physical site of the information in a logical integration of information from the user point of view is the one.
four, Web is dynamic
Finally, because the Web site information includes information about the site itself, information providers can often update the information on the site. Such as the development of a protocol, the company's advertisements. General information sites as much as possible to ensure all information on the timing. Therefore, the information on the Web site is dynamic. Frequently updated. This is guaranteed by the provider of the information.
five, Web is interactive
Web's interactive performance in its first ultra-connected, the user's browser to the site and the sequence is entirely his own decision. Another form via the FORM obtained from the server side dynamic information. Users can fill out the FORM to submit a request to the server, the server can return the user's request the appropriate information. Work when you want to enter a web page on the World Wide Web or other network resources, usually you have to first in your browser type you want to access the web page Uniform Resource Locator (Uniform Resource Locator), or by way of hyperlinks link to that website or network resources. After that work is the first part of the URL server name, domain name system is called the distribution of the global Internet database analysis, and analytical results based on which the decision to enter an IP address (IP address).
the next step is to access the website to work the IP address that the server sends an HTTP request. Under normal circumstances, HTML text, images and all other make up the page file each request and will soon be sent back to the user.
web browser next job is to HTML, CSS and other documents received by the description of the contents, coupled with images,金宝博, links, and other necessary resources to the user. These constitute what you see
page itself contains most of the hyperlinks pointing to other relevant web pages, there may be downloaded, source documents, definitions, and other network resources. Like this through hyperlinks, to organize together a useful collection of related resources, to form a so-called information The network on the Internet is easy to use, it constitutes the first in the early 1990s Tim Berners - Lee said the World Wide Web What is web2.0? The fall of 2001 the Internet Corporation (dot-com) bubble burst marks a turning point in the Internet. Many people concluded that the Internet is too much speculation, in fact, the Internet bubble and the stock market downturn have come all the technical * looks like the common features. Usually marks the flourishing stock market downturn of the technology has begun to occupy center stage. Phony expulsion, while the real success stories show their strength at the same time people began to understand what is a story with another separate.
The so-called Internet pioneer and O'Reilly, vice president of 戴尔多尔蒂 (Dale Dougherty) noted that with the so-called with surprising regularity is emerged. More importantly, those who had survived the dot-com companies, it seems there are some things in common. So will the Internet bubble burst Company That marks a turning point in the Internet, so called We all agree with this view, Web 2.0 Conference was born.
at that meeting of the year and a half years, However, since the meaning of Web 2.0, there are still significant differences, some people will no doubt relegated to Web 2.0 marketing hype of a slogan, while others will be understood as a new tradition of philosophy.
In our initial brainstorming, we have to use some examples of formulaic expression of our understanding of Web 2.0:
Web 1.0 Web 2.0
DoubleClick Google AdSense
Ofoto Flickr
Akamai BitTorrent
mp3.com Napster
Encyclopedia Britannica Online (Britannica Online) Wikipedia (Wikipedia)
personal website blog (blogging)
evite upcoming.org and EVDB
domain speculative search engine optimize the number of page views

cost per click screen scraping (screen scraping) network services (web services)
release in the content management system wiki

directory (category) labels (public classification But in the end is what allows us to identify an application or a way to make the so-called (This issue is particularly urgent, because the concept of Web 2.0 has spread so widely, that many companies are added to this term in their marketing hype, but did not really understand its meaning, while this problem is particularly difficult, because many hobby venture company slogan is obviously not Web 2.0, and some we think of Web 2.0 applications such as Napster and BitTorrent, and even the network is not really appropriate procedures!)
However, aside numerous Wuza Web 2.0 phenomenon, and thus put it into scientific and technological development and social change under a large field of view, Web 2.0 can be said to lead to the development of information technology network * brought to the future, people-centered innovation model in the Internet field 2.0 A typical embodiment is a professional weaving weaving to all users involved in the process of democratization of innovation lively comments. The difference between the Web version of Web 1.0: Anyone who can deal
Web 1.0 is about from some major companies such as: eBay, Amazon.com, and Google's killer application emerged. We always thought that they are only websites, but they are actually some amazing applications: feature rich, easy to use, extensible, very few of these features previously seen by ordinary consumers. Transactions, not just for goods, as well as knowledge, become universal and immediate. Efficiency, transparency, and this was the field of global financial markets, is now occupied by individual consumers and business persons. Web 1.0 is still today a great driving force, and last a long time in the future.
Web 2.0: Anyone can participate
Web 2.0 is about the interconnected web of the next-generation applications, features user-generated content, co-operative, community-based. Anyone can participate in content creation. Upload a video on YouTube, uploaded on Flickr, join party photos, or write their own on Blogspot * opinion, all of which do not require specialized skills, just need to connect to the Internet. Involved in changing our understanding of the content: the content is not fixed in the publishing business, where it is active at any place. Google's AdSense has brought a real-time business model, especially for the blog author, and video sharing sites have rewritten the popular culture and content filtering rules.
When you start around the Web1.0 or 2.0 when building a secure, scalable data center is not an easy task. For access to the software as a service industry, a lot of time and capital is still to enter a threshold. Moreover, the traditional client - server software development is still complex. And create a successful application also requires the deployment and maintenance of hard work.
Web 3.0: Anyone who can innovate
Web 3.0 by changing the traditional software industry's technical and economic basis to change all existing. The new Web 3.0 emphasize that anyone, anywhere can be innovative. Coding, collaboration, debugging, testing, deployment, run in the cloud to complete. When the innovation from the constraints of time and capital freed, it can thrive.
For businesses, Web 3.0 means that SaaS application than traditional CS software can be faster, more efficient development, deployment, upgrades.
for developers, Web 3.0 means they need to create an ideal application what is needed is an idea, a browser. Because the world every developer can access the powerful cloud computing, Web 3.0 is the driving force of the global economy.
for independent software developers, Web 3.0 means that they can spend more time focusing on the core value provided to customers, rather than to support its infrastructure. Because the code in the cloud on the growth of the global elite can contribute to it. Because it runs in the cloud, the global market can subscribe to it as a service. Traditional Web database system architecture of traditional database systems generally implement a Web database system connection and Web applications can be taken two ways, one is on the Web server provides middleware to connect to the Web server and database server, the other is the application downloaded to the client and the client direct access to the database. Middleware is responsible for managing the Web server and database server communication and provide application services, it can directly call an external program or script code to access the database, it can provide database-related dynamic HTML pages, or execute user queries, and Query results formatted into HTML pages. Returned by the Web server to the Web browser. Basic middleware technology and through the Gateway Interface CGI application program interface API two.
(a), based on the Common Gateway Interface CGI
CGI WWW server is running an external program specifications, programs written in accordance with CGI server functionality can be extended to complete the server itself can not complete the work, external program execution time can generate an HTML document, and return the document WWW server. CGI applications can interact with the browser, but also through the database API and database servers to communicate with external data sources, such as a CGI program can obtain data from the database server, and then formatted as HTML document sent to the browser , the browser can also be obtained from the data into the database. Almost all server software used to support CGI, developers can use any kind of internal WWW server written in CGI, including the popular C, C, VB and delphi and so on.
from architecture point of view, the user enters a query through a Web browser information, browser through the HTTP protocol to the Web server with requests for information queries, Web server CGI protocol activated by an external CGI program, issued by the program to the DBMS SQL queries and the results converted to HTML and returned to the Web server. Returned by the Web server to the Web browser. This structure reflects the client / server three-tier model, where the Web server and CGI program actually played conversion of HTML and SQL gateway role. CGI is a typical operation: parsing CGI data; open connection with the DBMS; to send SQL request and get results; the results into HTML; off the DBMS connection; the HTML results back to the Web server.
Web-based database access use of existing information resources and servers. The large frequency of visits, especially hot data. But its main drawback is that: ① the client must communicate with the back-end database server through a Web server and Web server to the data and convert HTML documents to each other, when multiple users request the same time, the inevitable formation of information and the Web server release bottlenecks. ② CGI applications are required to run each time to open and close database connections, inefficient, time-consuming operation; ③ CGI application can not be shared by multiple client requests, even if the new request comes in, the CGI program is running, will start another CGI application With increase in the number of concurrent requests, the server will generate more and more processes. Process for each request generates time-consuming and requires a lot of memory, affecting the efficient use of resources,皇冠足球在线投注网, resulting in reduced performance and increased waiting time; ④ very different as SQL and HTML, CGI programs written in the conversion code cumbersome, difficult to maintain; ⑤ poor security, lack of user access control, the database is difficult to set security access rights; ⑥ HTTP protocol is stateless protocol and does not always connect, DBMS transaction submitted can not be verified or not, can not construct an OLTP application on the Web.
(b), server-based extensible API
To overcome the limitations of CGI, there is another server-based middleware solution is extension API structure. Compared with CGI, API integration with the Web server application more closely, taking up much less system resources, and operational efficiency has increased greatly, while also providing better protection and security.
server API is generally provided as a DLL, the WWW server that resides in the code, its extended functionality with CGI WWW server of the same. WWW developers can not only solve the CGI API can solve all the problems, but also to further address the WWW applications based on different special requests. A variety of API and its corresponding WWW server closely, their initial development of the target server operating performance further explore and improve. Development program with the API than CGI programs developed to improve performance a lot, but the development process than the development of API CGI program is much more complex. API application requires some programming expertise, such as multi-threading, process synchronization, direct protocol programming and error handling. Currently the main WWW API with Microsoft's ISAPI,全讯网777, Netscape's NSAPI and OReily's WSAPI and so on. Use ISPAI developed program performs better than using CGI development process, mainly because of ISAPI applications are some of the WWW server software at the same address space of the DLL, so all of the HTTP server process is obviously the direct use of resources than not in the same address space called the CGI program statement to take up less system time. ISAPI and NSAPI as the same, to WWW developers to customize the Netscape WWW server basic service functions. Developers can develop using NSAPI interface with the WWW server and database server with external resources such as the interface.
Although the structure of server-based API can be extended easily and flexibly to achieve a variety of functions, all supported 32-bit ODBC connected database system, but the structure of the defect is obvious: ① poor compatibility between the various API lack of uniform standards to manage these interfaces; ② develop API applications also much more complex than the development of CGI applications，足球比分 www.188zqw.com ③ The API can only work on a dedicated Web server and operating systems.
(c), JDBC-based database technology
Java Web introduction to WWW pages with the vitality and dynamism. Internet users can download from the WWW server to the local Java applets to run the browser. Download a small program like these local programs, can independently access to local and other server resources. The original Java language and no database access functions, with applications in depth, requires Java to provide database access functionality is increasing. To prevent database access for Java in different aspects of the expansion, JavaSoft's designated JDBC, the Java language as the database access API.
using JDBC technology, the Java Applet to access the database has the advantage: direct access to databases, Web database is no longer needed the intervention, thus avoiding some of the limitations of CGI methods; user access control by the local security database server mechanism to address and improve security; JDBC supports basic SQL functionality of a generic low-level application programming interface, in a different level database functionality to provide a unified user interface for cross-platform database system directly across the Web Access provides a solution. API method to overcome some shortcomings; the same time, can be easily implemented to interact with the user, provide a wealth of graphics and sound, video and other multimedia functions.
JDBC is used to execute SQL statements of the Java application programming interface API, written in Java classes and interfaces. Java is an object-oriented, multi-threaded platform-independent programming language, with a strong portability, security and robustness. JDBC is a specification standard for developers of database access classes and interfaces that can be easily sent to any relational database SQL statements, and basic SQL JDBC support is a low-level application program interface function, but in fact also supports high-level database access tools and API. All of these are based on the X / Open SQL CLI basis. JDBC's main task is to define a natural Java interface and the X / Open CLI and defined the concept of abstraction layer connection. The two main interfaces are JDBC application developers for the JDBC API and drivers for low-level JDBC Driver API. JDBC is the work done: establish a database connection; to send SQL statements; return data results to the Web browser.
JDBC-based Web database structure of its shortcomings is that: only a simple database queries and other operations, can not be OLTP; security, buffer and connection management mechanism is still not perfect; SUN completely cross-platform promise of cross-database system functionality and standards far from being achieved.
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